{"id":403,"date":"2022-07-30T09:04:11","date_gmt":"2022-07-30T01:04:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.osvlabs.com\/?p=403"},"modified":"2022-08-02T11:11:27","modified_gmt":"2022-08-02T03:11:27","slug":"nextjs-%e5%bf%ab%e9%80%9f%e4%b8%8a%e6%89%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.osvlabs.com\/?p=403","title":{"rendered":"Nextjs \u5feb\u901f\u4e0a\u624b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5f15\u8a00<\/h1>\n

Nextjs \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u6b63\u7684React \u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5f00\u7bb1\u5373\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u5f00\u53d1\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u53ca\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5feb\u901f\u5165\u95e8<\/h1>\n

\u5b89\u88c5<\/h2>\n

\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528cli \u6765\u5feb\u901f\u5b89\u88c5\u53ca\u914d\u7f6e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n

npx create-next-app@latest --typescript\n# or\nyarncreate next-app --typescript<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u786e\u5b9a\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528TypeScript\uff0c \u79fb\u9664–typescript \u53c2\u6570\u5373\u53ef\u3002
\n\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u542f\u52a8\u5f00\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n
yarn dev\n# or\nnpm run dev<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u3002
\n\u751f\u6210\u540e\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
  '|-- private',\n  '    |-- .eslintrc.json',\n  '    |-- .gitignore',\n  '    |-- README.md',\n  '    |-- next-env.d.ts',\n  '    |-- next.config.js',\n  '    |-- package.json',\n  '    |-- tsconfig.json',\n  '    |-- yarn.lock',\n  '    |-- pages',\n  '    |   |-- _app.tsx',\n  '    |   |-- index.tsx',\n  '    |   |-- api',\n  '    |       |-- hello.ts',\n  '    |-- public',\n  '    |   |-- favicon.ico',\n  '    |   |-- vercel.svg',\n  '    |-- styles',\n  '        |-- Home.module.css',\n  '        |-- globals.css',\n  ''<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528<\/h2>\n
\u8def\u7531<\/h3>\n
\u9875\u9762\u8def\u7531<\/h4>\n
Nextjs \u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86 \u9875\u9762\u662f\u5728 pages \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u4ee5.js\u3001jsx\u3001.ts \u6216 .tsx \u6587\u4ef6\u5bfc\u51fa\uff08export\uff09\u7684 React \u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u662f\u5176\u8def\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n
\u52a8\u6001\u8def\u7531<\/h4>\n
\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528[param] \u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1apages\/post\/[pid].js
\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528useRouter \u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u52a8\u6001\u8def\u7531\u7684\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n
import { useRouter } from 'next\/router'\nconst Post=()=>{ \n  const router = useRouter()\n  const{ pid } = router.query\n  return <p>Post: {pid}<\/p>\n}\nexport default Post<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5d4c\u5957\u8def\u7531<\/h4>\n
\u76ee\u524dnext.js \uff082022\/07\uff09  \u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u5e76\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5d4c\u5957\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u4f46RFC \u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u5b98\u65b9\u535a\u5ba2\uff1ahttps:\/\/nextjs.org\/blog\/layouts-rfc<\/a><\/p>\n
\u51c6\u5907\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n
\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528React\/ Vue\/ Angular \u7b49\u524d\u7aef\u6846\u67b6\u6216\u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6700\u5148\u6536\u5230\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7eaf\u51c0\u7684HTML\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u8282\u70b9\u5168\u7531\u6846\u67b6\u63a5\u7ba1\uff08\u6267\u884cJavaScript \u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u521b\u5efaDOM \u7ed3\u6784\uff09\u3002
\n\u903b\u8f91\u8d8a\u91cd\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8d8a\u6162\uff0c\u6e32\u67d3\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8d8a\u6162\uff0c\u9996\u5c4f\u6027\u80fd\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f88\u5dee\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u4e5f\u4e0d\u597d\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u722c\u53d6\u3002
\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c \u524d\u7aef\u53c8\u56de\u5230\u4e86 \u9884\u5148\/\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6 \u751f\u6210\u51faHTML \u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5373\u9884\u6e32\u67d3\uff08pre-render )\uff0c\u8ba9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u62ff\u5230\u6587\u6863\u65f6\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u89e3\u6790\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662fNext.js \u6700\u521d\u4ee5\u53ca\u76ee\u524d\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
SSG<\/h4>\n
SSG\uff08Static Site Generation ), \u6307\u5728\u9759\u6001\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u751f\u6210\u9759\u6001\u7684HTML\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u67d0\u7bc7\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u5904\u7406\u3002
\n\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u5199\u5728 getStaticProps<\/a> \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0cNext.js \u4f1a\u5728build \u65f6\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u76f4\u63a5\u751f\u6210\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684HTML\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u4f7f\u7528CDN \u6765\u5bf9\u9759\u6001\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u901f\u3002
\n\u8be6\u7ec6\u53ca\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5\uff08\u5982\u589e\u91cf\u9759\u6001\u518d\u751f (ISR)\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u8def\u7531\u7684\u9759\u6001\u751f\u6210 ) \u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u6863\u3002
\n\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528 getStaticProps\u3002<\/p>\n
SSR<\/h4>\n
SSR ( Server Site Rendering) \uff0c\u6307\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210HTML\u3002
\n\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u6216\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u9700\u8981\u5355\u72ec\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5185\u5bb9\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528getServerSideProps \u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u9884\u83b7\u53d6\u3002
\nNext.js \u4f1a\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u9875\u9762\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6784\u5efa\u4e3aHTML \u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002
\ngetServerSideProps  \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5230req \u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7<\/p>\n
req.cookie<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u5230cookie\u3002<\/p>\n
css \u652f\u6301<\/h3>\n
Next.js \u652f\u6301\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u6837\u5f0f\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \u7ec4\u4ef6\u7ea7css \uff08css module\uff09\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668
    \n\u25cb [name].module.css
    \n\u25cb [name].module.scss<\/li>\n
  • Css in js
    \n\u25cb Next.js \u652f\u6301\u4e86 styled-jsx\uff0c \u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6e32\u67d3\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5e76\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f <\/p>\n
    Debugger<\/h3>\n
    Next.js \u5e94\u7528\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u4e0e\u666e\u901aNode.js \u5e94\u7528\u5e76\u65e0\u4e8c\u81f4\u3002
    \n\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728VScode \u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u76d1\u542c\u6216Chrome DevTools \u91cc\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u542c\u3002
    \n\u8c03\u8bd5\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6e32\u67d3\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7ed9\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n
    NODE_OPTIONS='--inspect' yarn dev<\/code><\/pre>\n
    windows \u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u6dfb\u52a0\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528cross-env<\/p>\n
    cross-env NODE_OPTIONS='--inspect' yarn dev<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    VScode<\/h4>\n
    \u5728vscode \u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u5341\u5206\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0cvscode \u81ea\u5e26\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u6a21\u677f\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u9884\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u677f\u5e76\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u542f\u52a8\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
    Chrome DevTools<\/h4>\n
    \u8c03\u8bd5\u975e\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6e32\u67d3\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u548c\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 devtools \u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u6253\u65ad\u70b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528debugger \u8fdb\u884c\u65ad\u70b9\u3002
    \n\u8c03\u8bd5\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6e32\u67d3\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5728Chrome DevTools \u4e5f\u4e0d\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u9879\u76ee\u542f\u52a8\u540e\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165 chrome:\/\/inspect \u9875\u9762\uff0c \u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u70b9\u51fbinspect \u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    \u5f15\u8a00 Nextjs \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u6b63\u7684React \u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5f00\u7bb1\u5373\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u5f00\u53d1\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u53ca\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u5feb\u901f\u5165\u95e8 \u5b89\u88c5 \u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528cli \u6765\u5feb\u901f\u5b89\u88c5\u53ca\u914d\u7f6e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a npx create-n\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":405,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[2],"tags":[],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":5}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.osvlabs.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/403"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.osvlabs.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.osvlabs.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.osvlabs.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.osvlabs.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=403"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blog.osvlabs.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/403\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":404,"href":"https:\/\/blog.osvlabs.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/403\/revisions\/404"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.osvlabs.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/405"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.osvlabs.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=403"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.osvlabs.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=403"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.osvlabs.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=403"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}